Centrifugal fixture



Patented May 26, 1925.

UNITED STATES 1,539,482 PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES GILBERT HAWLEY, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MIE YTS, T0 CENTRIFIX CORPORATION, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO;

DELAWARE.

A CORPORATION 01 GEN-TRIFUGAL FIXTURE.

Application filed November 28, 1924. Serial 110. 752,721.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES GILBERT HAWLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements entitled Centrifugal Fixtures, of which the following is a specification.

In all processes of distillation and evaporation, and throughout the arts of fluid purification and rectification, as by. separators, it is both assumed and desired that the fluid evolved or treated shall leave. the drum or'container in a pure state, free from foreign substances, such as heavier liquids and solids. controlling and modifying the operation in some measure defeat this primary expectation and purpose, and eventuate in producing or permitting the escape of impure fluids.

The objects of the invention are to perfect such processes of purification and to provide a simple and reliable device or ap paratus for the performance of the perfected process. These objects and the specific character of the invention will presently appear in further detail.

The invention will be readily understood on reference to the drawings that form part of this specification, in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical crosssect ion of a steam boiler drum, or the like, equipped with a centrifugal fixture embodying this invention. Fig. 2 is a top view of a centrifugal fixture partly in section on the line 2-2 of F ig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 33 of Fig. 1 and Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate modified forms of the tuyere ring portion of the novel fixture.

Referring to Fig. 1, 1 represents the pressure drum, 2 the liquid level therein, 3'the outlet opening and 4 the nozzle proper. It

will be understood that the offtake pipe joins the nozzle. The end of the drum contains the usual man-head 1. But for the presence of the novel apparatus comprising this invention, the fluid or vapor leaving the steam or other space 5 would pass directly to the nozzle 4. Instead, this novel apparatus,-

though composed of parts all of which are stationary. that is non-rotative, subjects the escaping fluid to a rapid whirling action. In consequence of this rapid whirling action substances heavier than the fluid are effectively separated therefrom and either re- But as a rule the conditions turned to the drum, or separately discharged therefrom if it be desired to rld the dru thereof.

In its best form the apparatus comprises two main portions, to wit, the top member 6 and the bottom member 7. The upper partof. the member 7 fits into the bottom of the member 6 and most conveniently the parts are fixedly, though separably, attached one to the other as by means of a plurality of bolts (not shown). It may be at "once explained that as the parts must needs be introduced through the manhole they must be of a size to permit such introduction. The device as a whole primarily takes its size from that of the outlet 3 to be served.

Manholes are of standard size. The smaller sizes of this apparatus may be introduced intact-,but the larger sizes must be made in separate parts, and devices of the largest sizes, though rarely requiring top members 6 which are made in two parts, usually are fitted with lower parts, i. e. tuyere rings 7 which, for convenience of introduction, are made in two parts.

The top memberfi is of annular ring-like formation containing the annular race 6, having the tangential peripheral outlet 6". At the top of the member 6 is the central outlet 6, which is joined to the boiler nozzle by the nipple 8. The latter may serve as a support for the centrifugal fixture. The bottom of the race member contains the large central opening 6: As shown, the annular race proper is peripherally of larger diameter than the opening 6. To the bottom of the race member is attached the multiply tuyered ring 7. This is charac terized by an annular series of tangentially positioned tuyereblades 7, between which are the tangential tuyeres 7 At the lower ends of the blades is a bottom or floor 7",

of the drum 1 or they may lead outward through the shell ofvthe drum, there to be which the described centrifugal fixture serves to separate from the fluid seeking escape at the outlet 6.

To exemplify the invention. by referring it to a steam boiler, it may be assumed that the'drum 1 is a steam drum of an active steam boiler and partly filled with steam seeking escape at the. boiler nozzle. To

reach the boiler nozzle the steam obviously must pass between the tangentially positioned tuyere blades 7, that is through the tangential slot-like tuyenes 7". -Entering the tuyere ring in this manner the streams join in a very rapid rotative motion within the tuyere' ring and superimposed race. In consequence of the manner of entrance and of the rapid rotation'moistur globules and particles of solid matter a-re'separated and retained upon the inner peripheryof the whirling stream, that is upon the inner periphery of the tuyere ring. As the bottom 7". prevents downward movement. of the steam it moves upward toward the .outlet. Thus the collected impuritiesare carried into the race. On reaching the top of the tuyere ring the whirling impurities are permit-ted to expand or move outward and thus they are quickly removed from the influence of the main whirling body of steam. As (Huckly, the impurities find escape throng the nozzle 6 and thepipe 10. I have thus described the operationof the device in order k that its principal action may be clearly un derstood. vThere is a further action, however, which is of much importance and which is related to the novel structure of the bottom of the tuyere ring or member 7. \Vhile there can be no perceptible movement of the steam within the tuyere ring and to- Ward the. bottom, there is nevertheless a tendency toward such movement and by reason of that tendency a portion of the'impurities entering with'the steam tend to collect in the lower inner corner of the tuyere. Lest these perchance find opportunity to spread across the floor or bottom of the tuyere and thus enter the vortex at the axis thereof, I resort to the bottom structure i1-' lustrated. Obviously the impurities which reach and lodge upon the floor 7" are displaced inwardly and thus are dumped into the cavity 7 From that cavity they drain "away through the pipe 9 and thereby such impurities are efl'ectually prevented from re entering the stream of steam seeking escape at the central outlet of the fixture.

Fi 4 illustrates aconstruction in w ich the tuyere bottom 7 is provided 1 with a plurality ofdump openings 7 at its periphery, that is, closelyi iadj acent' .to the "feetof the tuyere blades. w-These openings communicate with the underlying cavity 7 havinga'drain' pipe for emptyingit. Fig 5.il1ustrates a further modification in which a shallow groove .7 is provided in the tuyere bottom 7". In. that case the groove is provided with a tangential peripheral outlet/7 The operation is much as be-' fore described i Fig. 5 incidentally discloses a preferred form of tuyered ring top presenting an overhanging annular abutment 7', which performs the function of enforcing the discharge of a greater .portion'of the impurities through the bottom of the tu ere. v

The described tuyere bot ms effectually take care of slu of water that may enter the centrifugal "ture, uickly discharging such excess quantities and relievin the upper portion of the fixture of the bur en of caring for them.

As various modifications of the invention will readily suggest themselves to others, I

desire it to be understood that this invent1on is not hunted to the precise structures 9" shown and that such structures be regarded as merely exemplary of the invention.

The following claims will make clear the fact that the invention is not limited to the specific structures finding illustration in the drawings. 1 v

Having thus described my invention, l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. A centrifugal liquid purifying device 10 comprising an annular race member having a peripheral discharge and a large central outlet, in combination witha multiply tuyered ring adapted to. direct the fluid whirlingly into said race and toward said outlet, said ring having a bottom containing a cavity torcceive impurities not elevated to said race.

2. The herein described multiply tuyered ring having a bottom containing a central cavity and a superimposed false, bottom plate spaced about the. same substantially as and for the purposes specified. I 3. The herein described multiply tuyered ring presenting a bottom or end containing a I ring-like opening, an underlying cavity por: tion and means for discharging collected impurities therefrom.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this'24th day of November, A. l). I 924 v o CHARLES GILBERT HAlVLE Y. 

